Cancer of the pancreas is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the US. It has been called a “silent” disease because early pancreatic cancer usually does not cause symptoms. If the tumour blocks the common bile duct and bile cannot pass into the digestive system, the skin and whites of the eyes may become yellow, indicative of jaundice. As the cancer grows and spreads, pain often develops in the upper abdomen and sometimes spreads to the back. The pain may become worse after the person eats or lies down. Cancer of the pancreas can also cause nausea, loss of appetite, weight loss, and weakness.
To diagnose pancreatic cancer, the doctor does a complete physical examination and asks about the patient’s personal and family medical history. Other tests may be ordered, such as CT scans, x-rays that give detailed pictures of a cross-section of the pancreas. A biopsy is the only sure way for the doctor to know whether cancer is present.
Pancreatic cancer is a serious malignancy. It is curable only when it is found in its earliest stages, before it has spread. However, it can be treated, symptoms can be relieved, and the quality of the patient’s life can be improved. Pancreatic cancer is treated with surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.